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With one of the fastest growing economies in the world, clocked at a growth rate of 8.3% in 2010, India is fast on its way to becoming a large and globally important consumer economy. The Indian middle class was estimated to be 50 million persons (reckoning vehicle owners only) in 2007, by McKinsey & Company.〔(About 5 per cent of India is middle class )〕 According to Deutsche Research the estimates are nearly 300 million people for all Middle Class.〔(Deutsche Bank Research: The middle class in India )〕 If current trends continue, Indian per capita purchasing power parity will significantly increase from 4.7 to 6.1 percent of the world share by 2015.〔(IMF- World Economic Outlook Database, April 2010 )〕 In 2006, 22 percent of Indians lived under the poverty line.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Poverty can be eradicated by 2020: Kalam )〕 According to NCAER, India's middle class population to touch 267 million in 5 yrs. Further ahead, by 2025-26 the number of middle class households in India is likely to more than double from the 2015-16 levels to 113.8 million households or 547 million individuals. .〔(India's middle class population to touch 267 million in 5 yrs )〕 The standard of living in India shows large disparity. For example, rural areas of India exist with very basic (or even non-existent) medical facilities, while cities boast of world class medical establishments. Similarly, the very latest machinery may be used in some construction projects, but many construction workers work without mechanisation in most projects.〔(Labouring Brick by Brick: A Study of Construction Workers ) - www.sewa.org〕 In 2010, the per capita PPP-adjusted GDP for India was US$3,608.〔List of countries by GDP (PPP) per capita〕 == Poverty == (詳細はtitle=The developing world is poorer than we thought, but no less successful in the fight against poverty )〕 41.6% of its population is living below the new international poverty line of $1.25 (PPP) per day, down from 59.8% in 1981.〔 The World Bank further estimates that a third of the global poor now reside in India. On the other hand, the Planning Commission of India uses its own criteria and has estimated that 27.5% of the population was living below the poverty line in 2004–2005, down from 51.3% in 1977–1978, and 36% in 1993-1994.〔(Poverty estimates for 2004-05 ), Planning commission, Government of India, March 2007. Accessed: 25 August 2007〕 The source for this was the 61st round of the National Sample Survey (NSS) and the criterion used was monthly per capita consumption expenditure below 356.35 for rural areas and 538.60 for urban areas. 75% of the poor are in rural areas, most of them are daily wagers, self-employed householders and landless labourers. Although Indian economy has grown steadily over the last two decades, its growth has been uneven when comparing different social groups, economic groups, geographic regions, and rural and urban areas. Between 1999 and 2008, the annualised growth rates for Gujarat (8.8%), Haryana (8.7%), or Delhi (7.4%) were much higher than for Bihar (5.1%), Uttar Pradesh (4.4%), or Madhya Pradesh (3.5%).〔(A special report on India: Ruled by Lakshmi Dec 11th 2008 From The Economist print edition )〕 Poverty rates in rural Odisha (43%) and rural Bihar (41%) are higher than in the world's poorest countries such as Malawi.〔(【引用サイトリンク】title=Development Policy Review )〕 Since the early 1950s, successive governments have implemented various schemes, under planning, to alleviate poverty, that have met with partial success. Programmes like ''Food for work'' and ''National Rural Employment Programme'' have attempted to use the unemployed to generate productive assets and build rural infrastructure.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://indiabudget.nic.in/es2004-05/esmain.htm )〕 In August 2005, the Indian parliament passed the ''Rural Employment Guarantee Bill'', the largest programme of this type, in terms of cost and coverage, which promises 100 days of minimum wage employment to every rural household in 200 of India's 600 districts. The Indian government is planning to bring in more economic reforms which can help farmers and unskilled labourers transition into industrialized sectors. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Standard of living in India」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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